Sleep

Liveology
Sep 15
2 min read

An essential biological process in which the body and mind enter a state of rest and reduced consciousness, allowing the body to recover, repair, and dream.

Sleep is a natural and essential biological process in which the body and mind enter a state of rest and reduced consciousness. During sleep, physical activity and responsiveness to the outside world decrease, allowing the brain and body to recover, repair, and regulate essential functions. It plays a vital role in maintaining health, cognitive performance, emotional balance, and overall well-being.

Sleep Cycles

Sleep occurs in cycles, typically lasting 90–110 minutes each, and this cycle repeats 4-6 times during a full night's sleep. Non-REM (NREM) sleep has three stages, from light to deep sleep, where the body repairs tissues, builds muscle and bone, and strengthens the immune system. REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep is the stage where most dreaming occurs. It is important for memory consolidation, learning, and emotional processing.

Stage 1 (Non-REM): Falling asleep – transition from wakefulness to sleep. (about 1-7 minutes)

Stage 2 (Non-REM): Deeper light sleep – heart rate and body temperature drop. (about 10-25 minutes)

Stage 3 (Non-REM): Deep slow wave sleep – physical restoration, immune function, and growth occurs. (about 20-40 minutes)

Stage 4 (REM): Dream sleep – brain activity increases, eyes move rapidly, muscles are temporarily paralyzed. (10-60 minutes)

REM sleep is crucial for memory consolidation, emotional processing, learning, and creativity. The first REM phase occurs about 90 minutes after sleep begins and usually lasts 5–10 minutes. As the night progresses, REM phases become longer, lasting up to 30–60 minutes in later cycles. Most people experience 4–6 REM periods per night, accounting for about 20–25% of total sleep.

Lack of quality sleep can lead to problems such as impaired memory, weakened immunity, mood disorders, and chronic health conditions. For most adults, 7–9 hours of sleep per night is considered ideal to ensure that your body has enough time to cycle through the stages and enter deep, restorative REM sleep multiple times. Sleep is not just rest—it’s an active, complex process that supports nearly every system in the body.

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